本文以實例詳細描述了C#定義并實現單鏈表的過程及原理。一般來說C#定義并實現單鏈表,代碼包括構成鏈表的結點定義、用變量來實現表頭、清空整個鏈表 、鏈表復位,使第一個結點成為當前結點、判斷鏈表是否為空、判斷當前結點是否為最后一個結點、返回當前結點的下一個結點的值,并使其成為當前結點、將當前結點移出鏈表,下一個結點成為當前結點等內容。
具體實現代碼如下所示:
using System;using System.IO;// 構成鏈表的結點定義 public class Node { public Object data; public Node next; public Node( Object d ) { data = d; next = null; }}public class List { // 用變量來實現表頭 private Node Head = null; private Node Tail = null; private Node Pointer = null; private int Length = 0; //清空整個鏈表 public void deleteAll( ) { Head = null; Tail = null; Pointer = null; Length = 0; } //鏈表復位,使第一個結點 成為當前結點 public void reset( ) { Pointer = null; } //判斷鏈表是否為空 public bool isEmpty( ) { return (Length == 0); } //判斷當前結點是否 為最后一個結點 public bool isEnd( ) { if (Length == 0) throw new System.Exception( ); else if (Length == 1) return true; else return (cursor( ) == Tail); } //返回當前結點的下一個結點的值, 并使其成為當前結點 public Object nextNode( ) { if (Length == 1) throw new System.Exception( ); else if (Length == 0) throw new System.Exception( ); else { Node temp = cursor(); Pointer = temp; if (temp != Tail) return (temp.next.data); else throw new System.Exception( ); } } //返回當前結點的值 public Object currentNode( ) { Node temp = cursor( ); return temp.data; } //在當前結點前插入一個結點, 并使其成為當前結點 public void insert( Object d ) { Node e = new Node( d ); if (Length == 0) { Tail = e; Head = e; } else { Node temp = cursor( ); e.next = temp; if (Pointer == null) Head = e; else Pointer.next = e; } Length++; } //返回鏈表的大小 public int size( ) { return Length; } //將當前結點移出鏈表,下一個結點成為當前結點 //如果移出的結點是最后一個結點,則第一個結點成為當前結點 public Object remove( ) { Object temp; if (Length == 0) throw new System.Exception( ); else if (Length == 1) { temp = Head.data; deleteAll( ); } else { Node cur = cursor( ); temp = cur.data; if (cur == Head) Head = cur.next; else if (cur == Tail) { Pointer.next = null; Tail = Pointer; reset( ); } else Pointer.next = cur.next; Length--; } return temp; } //返回當前結點的指針 private Node cursor( ) { if (Head == null) throw new System.Exception( ); else if (Pointer == null) return Head; else return Pointer.next; } //鏈表的簡單應用舉例 public static void Main( ) { List a = new List(); for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) a.insert( new IntPtr(i)); Console.WriteLine(a.currentNode( )); while (!a.isEnd( )) Console.WriteLine(a.nextNode( )); a.reset(); while (!a.isEnd( )) { a.remove( ); } a.remove( ); a.reset( ); if (a.isEmpty( )) Console.WriteLine("There is no Node in List!"); Console.WriteLine("You can press return to quit!"); try { // 確保用戶看清程序運行結果 Console.Read( ); } catch (IOException e) { } }}
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